JAVORCA .,100 let ITALIJANSKE KOSTNICE KOBARID IN SIMON GREGORČIČ

CERKEV SV. DUHA NA JAVORCI

Visoko nad strugo Tolminke se dviga leseno svetišče – spominska cerkev Svetega Duha v Javorci.

Posvečena je padlim avstro-ogrskim branilcem tolminskega bojišča soške fronte (1915–1917).

Kot najlepši spomenik 1. svetovne vojne na ozemlju Republike Slovenije se je leta 2007 uvrstila med zgodovinske spomenike, ki nosijo znak EVROPSKE KULTURNE DEDIŠČINE

Je tudi ena izmed postaj na zgodovinski poti Pot miru, ki povezuje spomenike in ostaline 1. svetovne vojne v Zgornjem Posočju.

Nad vhodnimi vrati je napis:

Ta spomenik so med vojno zgradili pripadniki 3. gorske brigade, borbene enote 15. korpusa, v čast in spomin na njihove tukaj padle tovariše. Grajeno v času od 1. marca do 1. novembra 1916.

Objekt je zasnoval dunajski slikar in scenograf Remigius Geyling (1878–1974), tedaj nadporočnik, organizacijo in vodenje gradnje pa je prevzel poročnik madžarskega rodu Géza Jablonszky.

Zgradili so jo avstro-ogrski vojaki, mojstri različnih obrti; iz kamenja obzidje in spodnji del, iz macesnovega lesa pa zgornji del konstrukcije.

Z razgledne terase ob cerkvi se razgrinja pogled na veličastni Rdeči rob, očarljivo verigo tolminsko-bohinjskih gora ter zaobjame valovito mehkobo okoliških hribov.

Nad vhodom se dviga zvonik s sončno uro, grbom monarhije in napisom PAX (mir). Zunanjščino krasijo tudi grbi dvajseterice dežel, ki so sestavljale Avstro- Ogrsko.

V notranjosti je na hrastovih ploščah, ki simbolizirajo liste spominske knjige, po sistemu vojaške hierarhije vžganih 2564 imen na okoliških bojišcih padlih avstro-ogrskih vojakov, pokopanih na Ločah pri Tolminu.

Cerkev je leta 2016 praznovala stoto obletnico izgradnje. Ker je grajena pretežno iz lesa, zahteva stalno vzdrževanje. Temeljito je bila obnovljena leta 1934, v začetku 80. let prejšnjega stoletja in leta 2005. Junija 2016 so restavratorji Zavoda za varstvo kulturne dediščine zaključili z obsežnejšimi restavratorskimi deli, predvsem z obnovo poslikav zgornjega dela in stropa cerkvene ladje, s prenovo nekaterih delov dotrajanega pohištva, beljenjem zakristije in obnovo vhodnih vrat. Lepo vabljeni v prenovljeno svetišče.

JAVORCA,MEMORIAL CHURCH OF THE HOLY SPIRIT

High above the stream of the Tolminka rises a wooden shrine – the Memorial Church in Javorca.

The Memorial Church of the Holy Spirit in Javorca is dedicated to fallen Austro-Hungarian defenders of the Tolmin battlefield on the Soča (Isonzo) Front (1915–1917).

As the finest monument to the First World War in the territory of Slovenia, in 2007 the church was classed as a historical monument bearing the EUROPEAN CULTUAR HERITAGE SING

(Znak evropske dediščine)

It is also one of the stations along the historical Path of Peace trail, which links together monuments and remains from the First World War in the upper Soča region.

Over the entrance door the inscription reads:

This monument was built during the war by members of the 3rd Mountain Brigade, a battle unit of the15th Corps, in honour and memory of their comrades who fell here. Built in the period from 1 March to 1 November 1916.

The building was designed by the Vienna painter and stage set designer Remigius Geyling (1878–1974), then a first lieutenant, while the organisation and management of the construction was headed by the Hungarian-born Lieutenant Géza Jablonszky.

It was built by Austro-Hungarian soldiers who were skilled in various trades; the walls and lower section are of stone, while the upper part of the construction is of larch.

The viewing terrace by the church reveals a vista of the magnificent Rdeči Rob (Red Margin), the enchanting chain of the Tolmin-Bohinj mountains, and also takes in the rolling gentleness of the surrounding hills.

Above the entrance rises the bell tower with a sundial, the imperial crest and the inscription PAX (peace). The exterior is also adorned with the crests of the 20 provinces that made up Austria-Hungary.

In the interior, scorched into oak panels symbolising the pages of a memorial book, in the system of the military hierarchy are the 2564 names of Austro- Hungarian soldiers who fell in surrounding battlefields and are buried at Loče near Tolmin.

GRBI DEŽEL NEKDANJE AVSTRO OGRSKE DRŽAVE NA ZUNANJIH STENAH

CREST OF THE PROVINCES OF THE FORMER AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN STATE ON THE EXSTERIOR WALLS

PILAT OBSODI JEZUSA NA SMRT

PILAT CONDEMNS JESUS TO DIE

JEZUS VZAME KRIŽ NA SVOJE RAME

JESUS ACEPPT HIS CROSS

JEZUS PADE PRVIČ POD KRIŽEM

JESUS FALLS FOR THE FIRST TIME

 JEZUS SREČA SVOJO MATER

JESUS MEETS HIS MOTHER MARY

 SIMON IZ CIRENE POMAGA NOSITI JEZUSU KRIŽ

SIMON HELP CARRY  THE CROSS

 VERONIKA JEZUSU PODA POTNI PRT

VERONICA WIPES THE FACE OF JESUS

 JEZUS DRUGIČ PADE POD KRIŽEM

JESUS FALLS FOR THE SECOND TIME

JEZUS NAGOVORI JERUZALEMSKE ŽENE

JESUS MEETS THE THREE WOMAN OF JERUSALEM

 JEZUS PADE TRETJIČ POD KRIŽEM

JESUS FALLS FOR THE THIRD TIME

 JEZUSA SLEČEJO IN VZAMEJO OBLAČILA

JESUS  IS STRIPPED OF HIS CLOTHES

 JEZUSA PRIBIJEJO NA KRIŽ

JESUS IS NEILED TO THE CROSS

JEZUS UMRE NA KRIŽU

JESUS DIES ON THE CROSS

 JEZUSA SNAMEJO Z KRIŽA

JESUS IS TAKEN DOWN FROM THE CROSS

 JEZUSA POLOŽIJO V GROB

JESUS IS PLACED IN THE TOMB

ITALIJANSKA KOSTNICA

Kostnica je zgrajena na Gradiču okoli cerkve sv. Antona.

Do kostnice vodi cesta, ob kateri so postavljene postaje križevega pota. Kostnico je septembra 1938 otvoril Benito Mussolini.

Kostnica je zgrajena v obliki osmerokotnika s tremi koncentričnimi krogi, ki se zožujejo proti vrhu. Prav na vrhu stoji cerkev sv. Antona, posvečena leta 1696.

V kostnico so bili preneseni posmrtni ostanki 7014 znanih in neznanih padlih italijanskih vojakov v prvi svetovni vojni z okoliških vojaških pokopališč.

ITALIAN CHARNEL HOUSE

The Charnel House was built on Gradič Hill around the Church of St. Anton.

The Stations of the Cross are erected along the road, leading to the Charnel House.

In 1938, the Charnel House was opened by Benito Mussolini.

It has an octagonal shape and is constructed with three concentric circles that narrow as they rise. The Church of St. Anton, consecrated in 1696, is built at the very top.

Mortal remains of 7,014 known and unknown Italian soldiers who had been killed in the First World War were carried to the Charnel House from nearby army cemeteries.

 ITALIJANSKA KOSTNICA

CHARNEL HOUSE

SIMON GREGORČIČ  1844-1906

Gregorčič se je rodil v majhni gorski vasici Vrsno nad reko Sočo v Goriški pokrajini in Gradiška Leta 1851 je obiskoval osnovno šolo v Libušnjem, leta 1852 pa v Gorici. Po končani srednji šoli je vstopil v seminar v Gorici.

 Rojen je bil 27. oktobra 1867 in postal vikar v Kobaridu septembra 1868. Tam je nadaljeval z literarnim delom in skupaj s prijateljem Ignacijem Gruntarjem leta 1871 ustanovil javno

čitalnico.

Leta 1873 je bil premeščen v Rifenberk v Vipavski dolini. Po tem je bil prestavljen še nekajkrat, preden se je leta 1903 upokojil, prodajal svojo hišo in se preselil v stanovanje v Gorici, kjer je umrl 24. novembra 1906

SIMON GREGORČIČ  1844-1906

Gregorčič was born in the small mountain village of Vrsno above the river Soča in the County of Gorizia and Gradisca. In 1851, he attended primary school in Libušnje, but was in 1852 sent to school in Gorizia. 

After finishing high school he entered the seminary in Gorizia. He was ordained on 27 October 1867 and became a vicar in Kobarid in September 1868. There he continued with his literary work and together with his friend Ignacij Gruntar in 1871 founded a public reading room.

In 1873 he was transferred to Rihemberk in the Vipava Valley. After that he was transferred a few more times before retiring in 1903, selling his house and moving into a flat in logatec and Gorica where he died on 24 November 1906.